7/2/2023 0 Comments Tim berners lee factsThe Network Growsīy the end of 1969, just four computers were connected to the ARPAnet, but the network grew steadily during the 1970s. (The first computer was located in a research lab at UCLA and the second was at Stanford each one was the size of a small house.) The message-“LOGIN”-was short and simple, but it crashed the fledgling ARPA network anyway: The Stanford computer only received the note’s first two letters. On October 29, 1969, ARPAnet delivered its first message: a “node-to-node” communication from one computer to another. Without packet switching, the government’s computer network-now known as the ARPAnet-would have been just as vulnerable to enemy attacks as the phone system. That way, each packet can take its own route from place to place. scientist developed a way of sending information from one computer to another that he called “packet switching.” Packet switching breaks data down into blocks, or packets, before sending it to its destination. Such a network would enable government leaders to communicate even if the Soviets destroyed the telephone system. Licklider proposed a solution to this problem: a “galactic network” of computers that could talk to one another. Just one missile, they feared, could destroy the whole network of lines and wires that made efficient long-distance communication possible. Scientists and military experts were especially concerned about what might happen in the event of a Soviet attack on the nation’s telephone system. And the federal government itself formed new agencies, such as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Department of Defense’s Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), to develop space-age technologies such as rockets, weapons and computers. Corporations took government grants and invested them in scientific research and development. Schools added courses on subjects like chemistry, physics and calculus. Still, to many Americans, the beach-ball-sized Sputnik was proof of something alarming: While the brightest scientists and engineers in the United States had been designing bigger cars and better television sets, it seemed, the Soviets had been focusing on less frivolous things-and they were going to win the Cold War because of it.ĭid you know? Today, almost one-third of the world’s 6.8 billion people use the internet regularly.Īfter Sputnik’s launch, many Americans began to think more seriously about science and technology. The satellite, known as Sputnik, did not do much: It relayed blips and bleeps from its radio transmitters as it circled the Earth.
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